Avian Influenza

 

 

AVIAN INFLUENZA

 

 

Outbreaks of Avian Influenza have been in the news recently and poultry owners are concerned for the health of their flocks.  Between December 2014 and March 2015, wild waterfowl, raptors, and domestic flocks of chickens, turkeys, and ducks have succumbed to Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza virus infection in six Western and four Midwestern states. Prior to this outbreak, HPAI viruses had not been detected in the US since 2004.

There have been no confirmed cases of Avian Influenza in Arizona.  However, there is still potential for infection as wild birds migrate to the north.  What can poultry holders do to protect their birds?  The questions and answers that follow provide general health guidelines as well as links to more detailed information.

What is Avian Influenza?

Avian Influenza (AI) is a virus that infects domestic poultry, such as chickens, quail and geese, and wild birds, such as shorebirds and waterfowl.  AI viruses are divided into two groups – highly pathogenic (HPAI) and low pathogenic (LPAI) – based on the severity of illness caused.  HPAI spreads rapidly and has a high death rate in birds.  LPAI causes milder illness and less mortality.

Avian Influenza is transmitted by direct contact with infected birds or access to water that may be contaminated with AI virus.  Migratory waterfowl, such as wild ducks and geese, can carry AI virus over long distances and shed virus via oral secretions or fecal droppings.  It’s also important to note that Avian Flu virus can travel on farm equipment and clothing soiled with poultry manure.

What signs of illness should I be looking for?

Lack of energy or appetite
Swelling of the head, eyelids, comb, wattles and hocks
Coughing or sneezing
Sudden death without any clinical signs

How do I protect my birds?

Restrict access to your birds or property.  Prevent wild birds from contacting your flock
Practice good hygiene.  Keep your hands and clothing clean.  Clean and disinfect all equipment, cages and tools
Do not share equipment or poultry supplies
Be aware of signs of disease in your birds
If you have any questions about the health of your birds, call your local veterinarian

Report sick birds immediately to the Arizona State Veterinarian’s Office: 602-542-4293 or the USDA sick bird hotline 1-866-536-7593.

For more information about keeping your flock healthy, go to this USDA web site;http://healthybirds.aphis.usda.gov/

For human health questions about Avian Influenza, refer to the Arizona Department of Health Services web site; http://www.azdhs.gov/phs/oids/vector/avian-flu/faqs.htm